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Factor Structure of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory for Middle-Aged Men and Women

Western Washington University

Charles D. Spielberger

University of South Florida

Scott A. Ottaway

Western Washington University

Donald G. Forgays

University of Vermont

Recently, Forgays, Forgays, and Spielberger (in press) reported the first exploratory factor analysis of the total 44-item State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) by gender. The analyses were based on a sample of over 700 male and female university students and identified quite well six of the original STAXI scales and subscales. In addition, a seventh factor, "Feel-Like-Expressing-Anger," emerged for women. In the present study, we examined the STAXI responses from a middle-aged adult population. Exploratory factor analyses replicated the majority of the original structure of the STAXI measure including a Feel-Like-Expressing-Anger factor for men and women. In addition, we employed confirmatory factor analyses and cross-validation procedures to test the validity of Spielberger's (1988) AHA! model. Based on these procedures, we found (a) that a seven-factor model provided a better fit than a six-factor solution for each gender and (b) evidence of robust gender differences for two factors: Feel-Like-Expressing Anger and State Anger. These gender differences are consistent with the social costs for anger expression in women and the social benefits for men.

Key Words: STAXI • AHA! • anger expression • gender differences • factor analysis • structural equation model

Assessment, Vol. 5, No. 2, 141-155 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/107319119800500205


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