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Factor Structure of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire

Examination of a Method Factor

Holly Hazlett-Stevens

University of Nevada, Reno, hhazlett{at}unr.nevada.edu

Jodie B. Ullman

California State University, San Bernardino

Michelle G. Craske

University of California, Los Angeles

The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) was originally designed as a unifactorial measure of pathological trait worry. However, recent studies supported a two-factor solution with positively worded items loading on the first factor and reverse-scored items loading on a second factor. The current study compared this two-factor model to a negative wording method factor solution among college students. A method factor model with all PSWQ items loading on a single worry factor and reverse-scored items loading on a negative wording method factor provided as good a fit as the two-factor model. This method factor alone did not predict a generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis. Finally, the psychometric properties of an abbreviated scale containing only positively worded items were examined. The PSWQ appears to measure a single unitary construct, but response patterns differ between positively worded and reverse-scored items. Theoretical implications for pathological worry and assessment-related issues are discussed.

Key Words: worry • Penn State Worry Questionnaire • factor structure • structural equation modeling

Assessment, Vol. 11, No. 4, 361-370 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/1073191104269872
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