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Assessing the Executive Function Deficits of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Utility of the Tower of London-Drexel

William C. Culbertson

Drexel University www.toldx.com toldx{at}comcast.net

Paul J. Moberg

Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center Parkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Center (PADRECC) University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

John E. Duda

Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center Parkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Center (PADRECC) University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Matthew B. Stern

Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center Parkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Center (PADRECC) University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Daniel Weintraub

Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center Parkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Center (PADRECC) University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

The aim of the study was to investigate the utility of the Tower of London-Drexel (TOL DX ) in assessing the executive deficits associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We sought to determine whether the TOL DX would differentiate between (a) patients with PD and healthy control participants (HCP), (b) demented and nondemented patients, and (c) depressed and nondepressed patients. A new TOL DX score, stimulus bound, was introduced to assess utilization behaviors. Furthermore, the convergent and divergent validity of the TOL DX was examined. The TOL DX total move, rule and time violation, and stimulus-bound scores of patients with PD significantly differed from the HCP. Demented and nondemented patients also differed significantly in their TO DX performance, with the stimulus-bound score being the most significantly differentiating score. However, the depressed and nondepressed patients did not differ in their TOL DX performance. Support was found for the convergent and divergent validity of the TOL DX. The clinical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.

Key Words: Tower of London-Drexel (TOLDX) • executive function • neuropsychological assessment • Parkinson’s disease • dementia • depression • criterion-related validity

Assessment, Vol. 11, No. 1, 27-39 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/1073191103258590
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?