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Assessment
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Reactions to Stress During the Persian Gulf War: The Use of Structural Equations for Testing the Horowitz Model

Meni Koslowsky

Bar-Ilan University and Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Department of Mental Health

Zahava Solomon

Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Department of Mental Health and Tel-Aviv School of Social Work

Avi Bleich

Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Department of Mental Health and Tel-Aviv Sackler School of Medicine

Nathaniel Laor

Ramat Chen Mental Health Center and Tel-Aviv Sackler School of Medicine

In one of the few models specific to victims' reactions to traumatic events, it has been proposed that consequences typically include alternating patterns of intrusive and avoidance symptoms. The present exploratory investigation examined the responses of 120 victims who had been evacuated to a hotel after a SCUD missile attack on their home. Analyses using structural equation modeling showed that both psychological states follow stressful stimuli and perceived threat. In addition, results were found to be consistent with a model that posits intrusion as antecedent to anxiety which, in turn, was found to precede a latent outcome measure consisting of psychological, physical, and work functioning.

Assessment, Vol. 1, No. 2, 143-149 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/1073191194001002004
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